You’ve exchanged money for a trip abroad, congratulations, you’ve already used the forex market. But there’s far more to it.

Forex Defined

Forex (short for foreign exchange) is the global marketplace where currencies are traded. It’s the largest financial market in the world, with over $7.5 trillion changing hands every single day.

Who Trades Forex?

  • Central banks – to manage their currency’s value
  • Commercial banks – facilitate client transactions and trade for profit
  • Multinational companies – pay suppliers or receive payments in foreign currency
  • Investment funds – speculate or hedge
  • Retail traders – individuals like you and me, trading via online brokers

Key Features

FeatureForex
Hours24 hours a day, 5 days a week (Sunday evening to Friday night)
LiquidityExtremely high – you can buy/sell almost any amount instantly
LocationNo central exchange; it’s an over‑the‑counter (OTC) network
LeverageOften high (e.g., 50:1 or more), meaning big gains or losses

Major Trading Sessions

Forex follows the sun: when one major financial centre closes, another opens.

  1. Sydney – opens first
  2. Tokyo – Asian session
  3. London – the busiest session
  4. New York – overlaps with London for highest volatility

How Forex Prices Move

Currencies are always traded in pairs (e.g., EUR/USD). If you think the euro will rise against the dollar, you buy the pair. If you think it will fall, you sell it.

💡 Unlike stocks, forex has no “shorting” restrictions – going short is as easy as going long.

Is Forex Trading for Everyone?

While beginner‑friendly brokers exist, forex trading carries significant risk (especially with leverage). Many retail traders lose money. Always:

  • Start with a demo account
  • Use proper risk management (stop‑losses, small position sizes)
  • Never trade money you can’t afford to lose

Summary

Forex is the world’s giant currency marketplace – essential for global trade, travel, and speculation. It offers 24/5 access, high liquidity, and leverage, but that leverage cuts both ways.

👉 Next: Crypto vs Fiat Exchange Rates – what’s different? →